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Ronald Wilson Reagan war ein US-amerikanischer Schauspieler und republikanischer Politiker. Von 19war er der Gouverneur von Kalifornien; von 19der Präsident der Vereinigten Staaten. Ronald Wilson Reagan [ˈreɪgən] (* 6. Februar in Tampico, Illinois; † 5. Juni in Bel Air, Los Angeles, Kalifornien) war ein US-amerikanischer. für Wirtschaft) bezeichnet die Wirtschaftspolitik der USA unter Präsident Ronald Reagan. Inhaltsverzeichnis. 1 Theorie; 2 Steuerpolitik und Staatseinnahmen. 6. Februar: Ronald Wilson Reagan wird in Tampico/Bundesstaat Illinois als jüngstes von vier Kindern von John Edward Reagan und seiner Frau Nelle geboren. ) Reagan, W. Ronald (): “ Remarks and a Question - and - Answer Session With Writers for Hispanic, Religious, and Labor Publications. Ronald Reagan, Address to the Nation on Domestic Social Issues, 1. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency. Ronald Reagan war der Präsident der vereinigten Staaten. Seine berühmteste Rede hielt er in Berlin.
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President Ronald Reagan's Best Debate Moments Retrieved October 7, September 24, Commons Wikiquote. Following the Democratic National ConventionDukakis led the polls by seventeen points, but Bush, aided by the INF Treaty and the strong economy, closed the gap as the election neared. Spirou Reagan a Nelle Wilson Reagan. December 18,Reagan Ronald Weitere Beiträge aus Wissen
Erste Rolle in dem Film "Love is Tlc Now the Air". Die US-Bürger hatten jedoch ein anderes Bild. Der Attentäter, John Hinckley Junior, gilt als unzurechnungsfähig und wird in eine psychiatrische Mediathek N24 eingewiesen. Reagan siegt bei der Präsidentschaftswahl deutlich über den demokratischen Kandidaten Walter Mondale geb. Winden Pfalz statt. Proteste gegen den Vietnam-Krieg versucht er mit Hilfe des Geheimdienstes einzudämmen.
Am 5. November wandte sich Ronald Reagan zum letzten Mal an die Öffentlichkeit. Der ehemalige Präsident der Vereinigten Staaten war zu diesem. Am Samstag starb der ehemalige US-Präsident Ronald Reagan Der kalte Krieger mit dem heißen Herzen. Seite 4 von 4: In den 60er-Jahren drängte es Reagan. fordert US-Präsident Reagan den Fall der Mauer und unterzeichnet den INF-Abrüstungs-Vertrag. Trotzdem gilt er bis heute vor allem als Kalter Krieger. Öffnen Sie dieses Tor! Juni Juni vor dem Brandenburger Tor in Berlin: "Mr. Reagan, der bis dahin zum Youtube Dokumentation Deutsch Lager tendierte, wird aktives Mitglied der Republikaner. Juni in der Rotunde d Sein Amtsvorgänger Jimmy Carter l. Im Moment fühle ich mich sehr gut. Viele Fernsehsender und Zeitungen nutzten den Anlass, um über die Krankheit zu informieren. Sie mochten das, was sie sahen. He also authorized covert measures, such as the arming of Nicaragua's Contras , in order to minimize Cuban and Soviet influence in the region.
In , pro-Communist forces led a coup in the Caribbean island of Grenada. After learning that Cuban construction workers were building an airfield on Grenada, Reagan dispatched approximately 5, U.
After two days of fighting that resulted in the deaths of nineteen Americans, forty-five Grenadans, and fifty-nine Cubans, the left-wing government of Grenada was overthrown.
In , a group of left-wing rebels in Nicaragua known as the Sandinistas overthrew the president of Nicaragua and installed Daniel Ortega as the country's leader.
Casey to arm the right-wing Contras. Congress, which favored negotiations between the Contras and Sandinista, passed the Boland Amendment , prohibiting the CIA and Defense Department from using their budgets to provide aid to the Contras.
Still intent on supporting the Contras, the Reagan administration raised funds for the Contras from private donors and foreign governments.
During his second term, Reagan sought to find a way procure the release of seven American hostages held by Hezbollah , a Lebanese paramilitary group supported by Iran.
The Reagan administration decided to sell American arms to Iran, then engaged in the Iran—Iraq War , in hopes that Iran would pressure Hezbollah to release the hostages.
On the initiative of Oliver North , an aide on the National Security Council, the Reagan administration redirected the proceeds from the missile sales to the Contras.
Reagan initially denied any wrongdoing, but on November 25 he announced that Poindexter and North had left the administration and that he would form the Tower Commission to investigate the transactions.
A few weeks later, Reagan asked a panel of federal judges to appoint a special prosecutor who would conduct a separate investigation, and the panel chose Lawrence Walsh.
The Tower Commission, chaired by former Republican Senator John Tower , released a report in February that confirmed that the administration had traded arms for hostages and sent the proceeds of the weapons sales to the Contras.
The report laid most of the blame for the operation on North, Poindexter, and McFarlane, but it was also critical of Regan and other White House staffers.
As angry as I may be about activities undertaken without my knowledge, I am still accountable for those activities. The administration's credibility was also badly damaged on the international stage, as it had violated its own arms embargo on Iran.
The investigations into the Iran—Contra scandal continued after Reagan left office, but were effectively halted when President George H. Bush pardoned Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger before his trial began.
Three different Soviet leaders died between and , leaving the Soviets with an unstable leadership until Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in As his influence on domestic affairs waned during his second term, Reagan increasingly focused on relations with the Soviet Union.
Reagan's personal mission was to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons, which according to Jack F. Matlock Jr. Various issues, including intelligence operations performed by both countries and tensions in Germany and Afghanistan, threatened to forestall the possibility of an agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union.
With the framework for an agreement in place, Reagan and Gorbachev met at the Washington Summit. The treaty also established an inspections regime designed to ensure that both parties honored the agreement.
A new era of trade and openness between the two powers commenced, and the U. A journalist asked the president if he still considered the Soviet Union the evil empire.
The Cold War was unofficially declared over at the Malta Summit the following month. Reagan came under much criticism in when he was accused of honoring Nazi war criminals at a cemetery in West Germany.
Deaver was given assurances by a German head of protocol that no war criminals were buried there. It was later determined that the cemetery held the graves of 49 members of the Waffen-SS.
What neither Deaver nor other administration officials initially realized was that many Germans distinguished the regular SS, who typically were composed of Nazi true believers, and the Waffen-SS which were attached to military units and composed of conscripted soldiers.
As the controversy brewed in April , Reagan issued a statement that called the Nazi soldiers buried in that cemetery as themselves "victims," a designation which ignited a stir over whether Reagan had equated the SS men to victims of the Holocaust.
On May 5, , President Reagan and Chancellor Kohl first visited the site of the former Nazi Bergen-Belsen concentration camp and then the Bitburg cemetery where, along with two military generals, they did place a wreath.
A civil war had broken out in Lebanon in , and both Israel and Syria undertook military action within Lebanon in Reagan sympathized with Israeli's desire to defeat PLO forces that had struck Israel from Lebanon, but he pressured Israel to end its invasion as casualties mounted and Israeli forces approached the Lebanese capital of Beirut.
As Israel delayed a full withdrawal and violence continued in Lebanon, Reagan arranged for a multinational force , including U. Marines , to serve as peacekeepers in Lebanon.
In reaction to the role Israel and the United States played in the Lebanese Civil War, a Shia militant group known as Hezbollah began to take American hostages, holding eight Americans by the middle of In response to the U.
Stating that there was "irrefutable proof" that Libya had directed the "terrorist bombing," Reagan authorized the use of force against the country. In the late evening of April 15, , the United States launched a series of airstrikes on ground targets in Libya.
Britain's prime minister, Margaret Thatcher, allowed the U. Air Force to use Britain's air bases to launch the attack, on the justification that the UK was supporting America's right to self-defense under Article 51 of the United Nations Charter.
During Ronald Reagan's presidency South Africa continued to use a non-democratic system of government based on racial discrimination, known as apartheid , in which the minority of white South Africans exerted nearly complete legal control over the lives of the non-white majority of the citizens.
In the early s the issue had moved to the center of international attention as a result of events in the townships and outcry at the death of Stephen Biko.
Reagan administration policy called for " constructive engagement " with the apartheid government of South Africa. In opposition to the condemnations issued by the U.
Congress and public demands for diplomatic or economic sanctions, Reagan made relatively minor criticisms of the regime, which was otherwise internationally isolated, and the U.
South Africa's military was then engaged in an occupation of Namibia and proxy wars in several neighboring countries, in alliance with Savimbi's UNITA.
Reagan administration officials saw the apartheid government as a key anti-communist ally. Finding the Reagan Administration unresponsive to its calls for more stringent economic sanctions, anti-apartheid activists undertook a divestment campaign , aimed at moving individuals and institutions to sell their holdings in companies doing business in South Africa.
By late , facing escalating public and congressional opposition to his administration's tolerant attitude toward the South African government's policy of apartheid, Reagan made an "abrupt reversal" on the issue and proposed sanctions on the South African government, including an arms embargo.
Reagan vetoed the act, but this was overridden by a bipartisan effort in Congress. Bush, the new South African government of F.
During his presidential campaign, Reagan proposed the creation of a common market in North America. Once in office, Reagan signed the Trade and Tariff Act of , which granted the president " fast track " authority in negotiating free trade agreements.
Reagan made 25 international trips to 26 different countries on four continents —Europe, Asia, North America, and South America—during his presidency.
He is perhaps best remembered for his speeches at the 40th anniversary of the Normandy landings , for his impassioned speech at the Berlin Wall , his summit meetings with Mikhail Gorbachev , and riding horses with Queen Elizabeth II at Windsor Park.
At the time of his inauguration, Reagan was the oldest person to be inaugurated as President age John Hutton, has said that Reagan "absolutely" did not "show any signs of dementia or Alzheimer's" during his presidency.
On July 13, , Reagan underwent surgery to remove polyps from his colon , [] causing the first-ever invocation of the Acting President clause of the 25th Amendment.
In the mid-term elections, Democrats retained a majority of the House while Republicans retained control of the Senate.
Reagan's approval ratings fell after his first year in office, but they bounced back when the United States began to emerge from recession in Though Hart won several primaries, Mondale ultimately won the nomination.
Down in the polls, Mondale selected Congresswoman Geraldine Ferraro as his running mate in hopes of galvanizing support for his campaign, thus making Ferraro the first female major party vice presidential nominee in U.
The budget will be squeezed. Taxes will go up. And anyone who says they won't is not telling the truth to the American people. Reagan, meanwhile, generally declined to offer new legislative proposals for his re-election campaign, instead focusing on events like the U.
His apparent confused and forgetful behavior was evident to his supporters; they had previously known him clever and witty.
Rumors began to circulate that he had Alzheimer's disease. I am not going to exploit, for political purposes, my opponent's youth and inexperience," which generated applause and laughter, even from Mondale himself.
Public opinion polling consistently showed a Reagan lead in the campaign, and Mondale was unable to shake up the race. In the mid-term elections, Democrats retained a majority of the House and won control of the Senate for the first time since the elections.
However, Senate Republicans faced a difficult map that year, as they had to defend 22 of the 34 seats up for election.
Republican losses in the Senate were concentrated in the South and in the farm states. Reagan remained publicly neutral in the Republican presidential primaries , but privately supported Vice President Bush over Senator Bob Dole.
The Republican National Convention , which nominated Bush for president, also acted as a celebration of Reagan's presidency. Following the Democratic National Convention , Dukakis led the polls by seventeen points, but Bush, aided by the INF Treaty and the strong economy, closed the gap as the election neared.
Democrats tried to link Bush to the Iran-Contra Scandal, but Bush claimed that he had not been involved. The GOP effectively cast Dukakis as "soft" on crime and foreign policy issues, seizing on Dukakis's pardon of Willie Horton and his dispassionate response to a question regarding the death penalty.
In the presidential election , Bush defeated Dukakis, taking The election saw the lowest turnout of eligible voters since In the concurrent congressional elections, Democrats retained control of the House and the Senate.
Since Reagan left office in , substantial debate has occurred among scholars, historians, and the general public surrounding his legacy. Critics contend that Reagan's economic policies resulted in rising budget deficits, [] a wider gap in wealth , and an increase in homelessness.
Despite the continuing debate surrounding his legacy, many conservative and liberal scholars agree that Reagan has been one of the most influential presidents since Franklin Roosevelt, leaving his imprint on American politics, diplomacy, culture, and economics through his effective communication, dedicated patriotism and pragmatic compromising.
Heale, who finds that scholars now concur that Reagan rehabilitated conservatism, turned the nation to the right, practiced a considerably pragmatic conservatism that balanced ideology and the constraints of politics, revived faith in the presidency and in American exceptionalism , and contributed to victory in the Cold War.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. US presidential administration from to For a chronological guide to this subject, see Timeline of the presidency of Ronald Reagan.
This article is part of a series about. Presidential campaigns. Main article: United States presidential election. Further information: United States elections , Ronald Reagan presidential campaign , Republican Party presidential primaries , and Republican National Convention.
Main article: Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan. Main article: Domestic policy of the Ronald Reagan administration.
Main article: Reaganomics. See also: Immigration to the United States. Main article: Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration.
See also: Cold War — See also: Latin America—United States relations. Main article: Iran—Contra affair. See also: Reagan administration scandals.
Play media. Main article: Bitburg controversy. Main article: United States bombing of Libya. Main article: South Africa under apartheid.
Main article: List of international presidential trips made by Ronald Reagan. Main article: United States elections. Further information: United States presidential election.
CBS News. Retrieved May 15, Schulman and Julian E. Zelizer, eds. Lull, and S. Hinerman, "The search for scandal' in J.
Hinerman, eds. Media scandals: Morality and desire in the popular culture marketplace pp. Rightward bound pp Johnson and Joseph B.
Tamney, "The Christian Right and the presidential election. USA Today. Retrieved February 27, Senate: Supreme Court Nominations: Present".
Retrieved June 15, June 27, New York Times. Retrieved July 20, March 30, Retrieved December 19, National Review.
Retrieved February 16, Retrieved May 30, Ronald Reagan and Conservative Reformism. Lexington Books. March 1, Washington and Lee Law Revie.
Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press. Eugene Washington D. GDP is calculated for the calendar year. The income, outlay, deficit, and debt figures are calculated for the fiscal year , which ends on September For example, fiscal year ended on September 30, Obama White House.
Table 1. Retrieved May 23, Table 7. Reagan Presidential Foundation. Knute Rockne, All American. George "The Gipper" Gipp. Tugboat Annie Sails Again.
La Piste de Santa Fe. George Armstrong Custer. The Bad Man. International Squadron. Nine Lives Are Not Enough. Drake McHugh [ f ].
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Nancy Reagan was an American first lady , the wife of Ronald Reagan, 40th president of the United States, and actress, noted for her efforts to discourage drug use by American youths.
On the second day of the highly contested Republican National Convention, it was still far from clear which candidate the party delegates intended to choose: sitting president Gerald Ford or his challenger, former actor and California governor Ronald Reagan.
Amidst this Elected in as the 35th president of the United States, year-old John F. Kennedy became one of the youngest U. On March 30, , John Hinckley Jr.
The effects are still felt today. Secret Service tightened security, For many people in the United States, the late s were a troubled and troubling time.
The radical and countercultural movements of the s and early s, the Watergate scandal, the Vietnam War, uncertainty in the Middle East and economic crisis at home had undermined Franklin D.
With the country mired in the depths of the Great Depression, Roosevelt immediately acted to restore public confidence, proclaiming a bank holiday and Harry S.
Truman , the 33rd U. In the White House from to , Truman made the decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan, helped rebuild postwar Europe, worked to Ulysses Grant commanded the victorious Union army during the American Civil War and served as the 18th U.
During the Civil Abraham Lincoln, a self-taught lawyer, legislator and vocal opponent of slavery, was elected 16th president of the United States in November , shortly before the outbreak of the Civil War.
Lincoln proved to be a shrewd military strategist and a savvy leader: His Emancipation Live TV. This Day In History.
History at Home. Ronald Reagan.
Durch unsere öffentliche Bekanntgabe Fury Stream wir in der Bevölkerung ein Bewusstsein bilden. Seinen Einsatz, den Politiker Barry Goldwater im Präsidentschaftswahlkampf zu unterstützen, würdigten kalifornische Geschäf Benachrichtigungen erfolgreich aktiviert Wir halten Sie ab sofort über die wichtigsten Nachrichten des Handelsblatts auf dem Laufenden. Gründung der gemeinnützigen Stiftung "Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation", welche Wolfblood Staffel 3 Deutsch anderem eine Bibliothek und ein Museum im Gojko Mitić Simi-Valley unterhält. Seine Amtseinführung Foto fand am Ich beabsichtige, Serien Stream Fear Walking Dead den Jahren, die mir Gott auf Miami Hd Erde noch schenkt, das zu tun, was ich bisher getan habe. Vielleicht hilft das, dass das Verständnis für die Betroffenen und Th Programm Heute Familien wächst. 
Main article: Governorship of Ronald Reagan. The Big Truth. New York: PublicAffairs. In Octobersuicide bombers attacked the Marine barracks in Beirut, killing Americans. The period of American history most dominated by Reagan and his policies that concerned taxes, welfare, defense, the federal judiciary and the Cold War is known today as the Reagan Era. Herbert Kleber". Boulware, known for his tough stance against unions and his innovative Prunella Scales to win over workers, championed the core tenets Nadeshda Brennicke Mann modern American conservatism: free marketsanticommunismlower taxes, and limited government. In , Reagan won the Republican presidential nomination and defeated the incumbent president, Jimmy Carter.
Reagan faced former vice president Walter Mondale when he ran for re-election in and defeated him, winning the most electoral votes of any U.
It was the second-most-lopsided presidential election in modern U. Roosevelt 's victory over Alfred M. Landon , in which he won Immediately on taking office as president, Reagan began implementing sweeping new political and economic initiatives that were highly popular among conservatives but denounced by liberals.
Reagan won over enough conservative Democrats to pass his program through Congress. Economic conditions had deteriorated under Carter, with slow growth and high inflation.
Reagan promised that his supply-side economic policies, dubbed " Reaganomics ", would turn around the economy with lower tax rates, economic deregulation, and reduction in government spending.
However, conditions remained harsh until they finally turned as promised in time for his re-election in Over his two terms, the economy saw a reduction of inflation from Reagan enacted cuts in domestic discretionary spending, cut taxes, and increased military spending, which contributed to increased federal debt overall.
In his first term, he survived an assassination attempt , spurred the War on Drugs , and fought public sector labor unions.
In foreign affairs he denounced Communism and invaded the island country of Grenada after Communist elements took control ; as a result a new government was appointed by the governor-general.
With the economy booming again, foreign affair crises dominated his second term. In June , four years after he publicly described the Soviet Union as an " evil empire ", Reagan challenged Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to " tear down this wall!
He then engaged in talks with Gorbachev that culminated in the INF Treaty , which shrank both countries' nuclear arsenals.
Roosevelt , and later Bill Clinton , as the highest ratings for departing presidents in the modern era. Afterward, his informal public appearances became more infrequent as the disease progressed.
He died at home on June 5, His tenure constituted a realignment toward conservative policies in the United States, and he is an icon among conservatives.
Evaluations of his presidency among historians and the general public place him among the upper tier of American presidents.
Ronald Wilson Reagan was born on February 6, , in an apartment on the second floor of a commercial building in Tampico, Illinois.
Reagan's father nicknamed his son "Dutch", due to his "fat little Dutchman" appearance and Dutch-boy haircut; the nickname stuck with him throughout his youth.
Pitney Variety Store until finally settling in Dixon, Illinois. Ronald Reagan wrote that his mother "always expected to find the best in people and often did.
A firm believer in the power of prayer , she led prayer meetings at church and was in charge of mid-week prayers when the pastor was out of town.
Reagan saw him as a second father. Stephen Vaughn says:. According to Paul Kengor , Reagan had a particularly strong faith in the goodness of people; this faith stemmed from the optimistic faith of his mother [20] and the Disciples of Christ faith, [20] into which he was baptized in He recalled the time when his college football team was staying at a local hotel which would not allow two black teammates to stay there, and he invited them to his parents' home 15 miles 24 kilometers away in Dixon.
His mother invited them to stay overnight and have breakfast the next morning. Reagan attended Dixon High School , where he developed interests in acting, sports, and storytelling.
Over six years, Reagan performed 77 rescues. He was an indifferent student, majored in economics and sociology and graduated with a C grade.
He was a member of the football team and captain of the swim team. He was elected student body president and participated in student protests against the college president.
After graduating from Eureka in , Reagan took jobs in Iowa as a radio announcer at several stations. His specialty was creating play-by-play accounts of games using only basic descriptions that the station received by wire as the games were in progress.
While traveling with the Cubs in California in , Reagan took a screen test that led to a seven-year contract with Warner Bros. He earned his first screen credit with a starring role in the movie Love Is on the Air , and by the end of , he had already appeared in 19 films, [32] including Dark Victory with Bette Davis and Humphrey Bogart.
Reagan played his favorite acting role in 's Kings Row , [35] where he plays a double amputee who recites the line "Where's the rest of me? Early in , he was ordered to military active duty in San Francisco and never became a true film star.
Throughout his film career, Reagan's mother answered much of his fan mail. On April 18, , Reagan was ordered to active duty for the first time.
Due to his poor eyesight, he was classified for limited service only, which excluded him from serving overseas. In January , Reagan was ordered to temporary duty in New York City to participate in the opening of the Sixth War Loan Drive , which campaigned for the purchase of war bonds.
He was separated from active duty on December 9, , as an Army captain. After World War II, he resumed service and became third vice president in He was subsequently re-elected six times, in , , , , and Congress continued to investigate domestic political subversion.
Also during his tenure, Reagan was instrumental in securing residuals for television actors when their episodes were re-run, and later, for motion picture actors when their studio films aired on TV.
There has been a small group within the Screen Actors Guild which has consistently opposed the policy of the guild board and officers of the guild At times they have attempted to be a disruptive influence I have heard different discussions and some of them tagged as Communists I found myself misled into being a sponsor on another occasion for a function that was held under the auspices of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee.
The first time that this word "Communist" was ever injected into any of the meetings concerning the strike was at a meeting in Chicago with Mr.
William Hutchinson, president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners , who were on strike at the time. He asked the Screen Actors Guild to submit terms to Mr.
Walsh, for Walsh to give in the settling of this strike, and he told us to tell Mr. Walsh that if he would give in on these terms he in turn would run this Sorrell and the other Commies out—I am quoting him—and break it up.
However, Reagan also opposed measures soon to manifest in the Mundt—Nixon Bill in May by opining:. As a citizen I would hesitate, or not like, to see any political party outlawed on the basis of its political ideology I detest, I abhor their philosophy, but I detest more than that their tactics, which are those of the fifth column, and are dishonest, but at the same time I never as a citizen want to see our country become urged, by either fear or resentment of this group, that we ever compromise with any of our democratic principles through that fear or resentment.
Further, when asked whether he was aware of Communist efforts within the Screen Writers Guild , Reagan would not play along, saying, "Sir, like the other gentlemen, I must say that that is hearsay.
Reagan landed fewer film roles in the late s and moved into television. The show ran for ten seasons from to , which increased Reagan's national profile.
They announced their engagement at the Chicago Theatre [61] and married on January 26, , at the Wee Kirk o' the Heather church in Glendale , California.
Reagan met actress Nancy Davis — [68] [69] in after she contacted him in his capacity as president of the Screen Actors Guild. He helped her with issues regarding her name appearing on a Communist blacklist in Hollywood.
She had been mistaken for another Nancy Davis. She described their meeting by saying, "I don't know if it was exactly love at first sight, but it was pretty close.
They had two children: Patti b. The couple's relationship was close, authentic and intimate. They never stopped courting. We were very much in love and still are.
When I say my life began with Ronnie, well, it's true. It did. I can't imagine life without him. Reagan began as a Hollywood Democrat , and Franklin D.
Roosevelt was "a true hero" to him. In his early political career, he joined numerous political committees with a left-wing orientation, such as the American Veterans Committee.
He fought against Republican-sponsored right-to-work legislation and supported Helen Gahagan Douglas in when she was defeated for the Senate by Richard Nixon.
It was his realization that Communists were a powerful backstage influence in those groups that led him to rally his friends against them.
At rallies, Reagan frequently spoke with a strong ideological dimension. In December , he was stopped from leading an anti-nuclear rally in Hollywood by pressure from the Warner Bros.
He would later make nuclear weapons a key point of his presidency when he specifically stated his opposition to mutual assured destruction.
Reagan also built on previous efforts to limit the spread of nuclear weapons. Truman and appeared on stage with him during a campaign speech in Los Angeles.
Eisenhower and and Richard Nixon He also traveled across the country to give motivational speeches to over , GE employees. His many speeches—which he wrote himself—were non-partisan but carried a conservative, pro-business message; he was influenced by Lemuel Boulware , a senior GE executive.
Boulware, known for his tough stance against unions and his innovative strategies to win over workers, championed the core tenets of modern American conservatism: free markets , anticommunism , lower taxes, and limited government.
The party left me. When the legislation that would become Medicare was introduced in , he created a recording for the American Medical Association AMA warning that such legislation would mean the end of freedom in America.
Reagan said that if his listeners did not write letters to prevent it, "we will awake to find that we have socialism.
And if you don't do this, and if I don't do it, one of these days, you and I are going to spend our sunset years telling our children, and our children's children, what it once was like in America when men were free.
Reagan gained national attention in his speeches for conservative presidential contender Barry Goldwater in He consolidated themes that he had developed in his talks for GE to deliver his famous speech, " A Time for Choosing ":.
The Founding Fathers knew a government can't control the economy without controlling people. And they knew when a government sets out to do that, it must use force and coercion to achieve its purpose.
So we have come to a time for choosing You and I are told we must choose between a left or right, but I suggest there is no such thing as a left or right.
There is only an up or down. Up to man's age-old dream—the maximum of individual freedom consistent with order—or down to the ant heap of totalitarianism.
This "A Time for Choosing" speech was not enough to turn around the faltering Goldwater campaign, but it was the crucial event that established Reagan's national political visibility.
David Broder of The Washington Post called it, "the most successful national political debut since William Jennings Bryan electrified the Democratic convention with his Cross of Gold speech.
California Republicans were impressed with Reagan's political views and charisma after his "Time for Choosing" speech, [96] and in late he announced his campaign for governor in the election.
In Reagan's campaign, he emphasized two main themes: "to send the welfare bums back to work," and, in reference to burgeoning anti-war and anti-establishment student protests at the University of California, Berkeley , "to clean up the mess at Berkeley.
Reagan was sworn in on January 2, In his first term, he froze government hiring and approved tax hikes to balance the budget. Shortly after assuming office, Reagan tested the presidential waters as part of a "Stop Nixon" movement, hoping to cut into Nixon's southern support [] and become a compromise candidate [] if neither Nixon nor second-place candidate Nelson Rockefeller received enough delegates to win on the first ballot at the Republican convention.
However, by the time of the convention, Nixon had delegate votes, 25 more than he needed to secure the nomination, followed by Rockefeller with Reagan in third place.
Reagan was involved in several high-profile conflicts with the protest movements of the era, including his public criticism of university administrators for tolerating student demonstrations at the Berkeley campus.
On May 15, , during the People's Park protests at the university's campus the original purpose of which was to discuss the Arab—Israeli conflict , Reagan sent the California Highway Patrol and other officers to quell the protests.
This led to an incident that became known as "Bloody Thursday," resulting in the death of student James Rector and the blinding of carpenter Alan Blanchard.
Reagan then called out 2, state National Guard troops to occupy the city of Berkeley for two weeks to crack down on the protesters.
No more appeasement. Early in , the national debate on abortion was starting to gain traction. In the early stages of the debate, Democratic California state senator Anthony Beilenson introduced the Therapeutic Abortion Act in an effort to reduce the number of "back-room abortions" performed in California.
After he recognized what he called the "consequences" of the bill, he announced that he was anti-abortion. In , Reagan signed the Mulford Act , which repealed a law allowing the public carrying of loaded firearms becoming California Penal Code and c.
The bill, which was named after Republican assemblyman Don Mulford , garnered national attention after the Black Panthers marched bearing arms upon the California State Capitol to protest it.
Despite an unsuccessful attempt to force a recall election on Reagan in , [] he was re-elected governor in , defeating Jesse M.
He chose not to seek a third term in the following election cycle. One of Reagan's greatest frustrations in office was the controversy of capital punishment , which he strongly supported.
Anderson decision, which invalidated all death sentences issued in California before , though the decision was later overturned by a constitutional amendment.
The only execution during Reagan's governorship was on April 12, , when Aaron Mitchell 's sentence was carried out by the state in San Quentin 's gas chamber.
In , Reagan signed the Family Law Act, which was an amalgam of two bills that had been written and revised by the California State Legislature over more than two years.
Reagan's terms as governor helped to shape the policies he would pursue in his later political career as president. By campaigning on a platform of sending "the welfare bums back to work," he spoke out against the idea of the welfare state.
He also strongly advocated the Republican ideal of less government regulation of the economy, including that of undue federal taxation.
Reagan's campaign relied on a strategy crafted by campaign manager John Sears of winning a few primaries early to damage the inevitability of Ford's likely nomination.
Reagan won North Carolina, Texas, and California, but the strategy failed, as [] he ended up losing New Hampshire, Florida, and his native Illinois.
Much of the credit for that victory came from the work of three co-chairmen, including Ernest Angelo, the mayor of Midland , and Ray Barnhart of Houston , whom Reagan as president would appoint in as director of the Federal Highway Administration.
However, as the GOP convention neared, Ford appeared close to victory. Acknowledging his party's moderate wing, Reagan chose moderate senator Richard Schweiker of Pennsylvania as his running mate if nominated.
Nonetheless, Ford prevailed with 1, delegates to Reagan's 1, Reagan's concession speech emphasized the dangers of nuclear war and the threat posed by the Soviet Union.
Though he lost the nomination, he received write-in votes in New Hampshire, votes as an independent on Wyoming's ballot, and a single electoral vote from a faithless elector in the November election from the state of Washington.
After the campaign, Reagan remained in the public debate with the Ronald Reagan Radio Commentary series [] and his political action committee, Citizens for the Republic , which was later revived in Alexandria, Virginia , in by the Reagan biographer Craig Shirley.
The presidential election featured Reagan against incumbent president Jimmy Carter and was conducted amid a multitude of domestic concerns as well as the ongoing Iran hostage crisis.
Reagan's campaign stressed some of his fundamental principles: lower taxes to stimulate the economy, [] less government interference in people's lives, [] states' rights , [] and a strong national defense.
Reagan launched his campaign with an indictment of a federal government that he believed had "overspent, overstimulated, and overregulated.
Bush , to be his running mate. His relaxed and confident appearance during the televised Reagan—Carter debate on October 28 boosted his popularity and helped to widen his lead in the polls.
On November 4, Reagan won a decisive victory over Carter, carrying 44 states and receiving electoral votes to Carter's 49 in six states plus D.
He also won the popular vote, receiving Anderson garnering 6. Republicans also won a majority of seats in the Senate for the first time since , though Democrats retained a majority in the House of Representatives.
During his presidency, Reagan pursued policies that reflected his personal belief in individual freedom, brought economic changes, expanded the military and contributed to the end of the Cold War.
The diaries were published in May in the bestselling book The Reagan Diaries. Reagan was 69 years old when he was sworn into office for his first term on January 20, In his inaugural address, he addressed the country's economic malaise, arguing: "In this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problems; government is the problem.
Reagan campaigned vigorously to restore organized prayer to the schools, first as a moment of prayer and later as a moment of silence. Vitale that had prohibited state officials from composing an official state prayer and requiring that it be recited in the public schools.
No person shall be required by the United States or by any state to participate in prayer. Although "close to death" upon arrival at George Washington University Hospital , Reagan was stabilized in the emergency room, then underwent emergency exploratory surgery.
In August , PATCO , the union of federal air traffic controllers, went on strike , violating a federal law prohibiting government unions from striking.
During Jimmy Carter's last year in office , inflation averaged Reagan implemented neoliberal policies based on supply-side economics , advocating a laissez-faire philosophy and free-market fiscal policy, [] seeking to stimulate the economy with large, across-the-board tax cuts.
Gold Commission to study how one could be implemented. Citing the economic theories of Arthur Laffer , Reagan promoted the proposed tax cuts as potentially stimulating the economy enough to expand the tax base, offsetting the revenue loss due to reduced rates of taxation, a theory that entered political discussion as the Laffer curve.
Reaganomics was the subject of debate with supporters pointing to improvements in certain key economic indicators as evidence of success, and critics pointing to large increases in federal budget deficits and the national debt.
During Reagan's presidency, federal income tax rates were lowered significantly with the signing of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of , [] which lowered the top marginal tax bracket from 70 percent to 50 percent over three years as part of a "5—10—10" plan , [] and the lowest bracket from 14 percent to 11 percent.
Other tax increases passed by Congress and signed by Reagan ensured, however, that tax revenues over his two terms were The top rate was dropped to 28 percent, but capital gains taxes were increased on those with the highest incomes from 20 percent to 28 percent.
The increase of the lowest tax bracket from 11 percent to 15 percent was more than offset by the expansion of personal exemption, standard deduction , and earned income tax credit.
The net result was the removal of six million poor Americans from the income tax roll and a reduction of income tax liability at all income levels.
The net effect of all Reagan-era tax bills was a 1 percent decrease in government revenues when compared to Treasury Department revenue estimates from the Administration's first post-enactment January budgets.
Reagan's policies proposed that economic growth would occur when marginal tax rates were low enough to spur investment, which would then lead to higher employment and wages.
Critics labeled this " trickle-down economics "—the belief that tax policies that benefit the wealthy will create a "trickle-down" effect reaching the poor.
Clinton's tax increase. Reagan was opposed to government intervention, and he cut the budgets of non-military [] programs [] including Medicaid , food stamps , federal education programs [] and the EPA.
The administration's stance toward the savings and loan industry contributed to the savings and loan crisis.
A minority of the critics of Reaganomics also suggested that the policies partially influenced the stock market crash of , [] but there is no consensus regarding a single source for the crash.
Reagan ended the price controls on domestic oil that had contributed to the energy crises of —74 and the summer of Bush, reneged on his campaign promise and resorted to raising taxes.
During Reagan's presidency, a program was initiated within the United States Intelligence Community to ensure America's economic strength.
The program, Project Socrates , developed and demonstrated the means required for the United States to generate and lead the next evolutionary leap in technology acquisition and utilization for a competitive advantage—automated innovation.
To ensure that the United States acquired the maximum benefit from automated innovation, Reagan, during his second term, had an executive order drafted to create a new federal agency to implement the Project Socrates results on a nationwide basis.
However, Reagan's term came to an end before the executive order could be coordinated and signed, and the incoming Bush administration, labeling Project Socrates as "industrial policy," had it terminated.
The Reagan administration was often criticized for inadequately enforcing, if not actively undermining, civil rights legislation.
Reagan had argued that the legislation infringed on states' rights and the rights of churches and business owners. It hurt the Soviet economy, but it also caused ill will among American allies in Europe who counted on that revenue.
Reagan retreated on this issue. In , journalist Nicholas Lemann interviewed Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger and summarized the strategy of the Reagan administration to roll back the Soviet Union:.
Their society is economically weak, and it lacks the wealth, education, and technology to enter the information age. They have thrown everything into military production, and their society is starting to show terrible stress as a result.
They can't sustain military production the way we can. Eventually it will break them, and then there will be just one superpower in a safe world—if, only if, we can keep spending.
Lemann noted that when he wrote that in , he thought the Reaganites were living in a fantasy world. But by , Lemann stated that the passage represents "a fairly uncontroversial description of what Reagan actually did.
Reagan and the United Kingdom's prime minister Margaret Thatcher both denounced the Soviet Union in ideological terms.
After Soviet fighters downed Korean Air Lines Flight near Moneron Island on September 1, , carrying people, including Georgia congressman Larry McDonald , Reagan labeled the act a "massacre" and declared that the Soviets had turned "against the world and the moral precepts which guide human relations among people everywhere.
Under a policy that came to be known as the Reagan Doctrine , Reagan and his administration also provided overt and covert aid to anti-communist resistance movements in an effort to " rollback " Soviet-backed communist governments in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
They were instrumental in training, equipping and leading Mujahideen forces against the Soviet Army. In one instance, in , this practice enabled the government to identify and purge communists from its ministries and to virtually eliminate the pro-Soviet infrastructure in Iran.
In March , Reagan introduced the Strategic Defense Initiative , a defense project [] that would have used ground- and space-based systems to protect the United States from attack by strategic nuclear ballistic missiles.
Though supported by leading American conservatives who argued that Reagan's foreign policy strategy was essential to protecting U.
Reagan had said that Montt was getting a "bum rap," [] and described him as "a man of great personal integrity.
Although unsuccessful with that, the administration was successful in providing nonmilitary assistance such as USAID. The American peacekeeping forces in Beirut , a part of a multinational force during the Lebanese Civil War , were attacked on October 23, The Beirut barracks bombing killed American servicemen and wounded more than 60 others by a suicide truck bomber.
He then withdrew all the Marines from Lebanon. On October 25, , Reagan ordered U. George's University as adequate reasons to invade.
Operation Urgent Fury was the first major military operation conducted by U. Reagan accepted the Republican nomination in the Republican convention in Dallas, Texas.
He proclaimed that it was " morning again in America ," regarding the recovering economy and the dominating performance by the American athletes at the Summer Olympics on home soil, among other things.
Reagan's opponent in the presidential election was former vice president Walter Mondale. Following a weak performance in the first presidential debate, Reagan's ability to perform the duties of president for another term was questioned.
His confused and forgetful behavior was evident to his supporters; they had previously known him to be clever and witty.
Rumors began to circulate that Reagan had Alzheimer's disease. I am not going to exploit, for political purposes, my opponent's youth and inexperience".
This remark generated applause and laughter, even from Mondale himself. That November, Reagan won a landslide re-election victory, carrying 49 of the 50 states.
Mondale won only his home state of Minnesota and the District of Columbia. Roosevelt 's victory over Alf Landon , in which he won His popular vote margin of victory—nearly Reagan was sworn in as president for the second time on January 20, , in a private ceremony at the White House.
To date, at 73 years of age, he is the oldest person to take the presidential oath of office. Because January 20 fell on a Sunday, a public celebration was not held but took place in the Capitol rotunda the following day.
January 21 was one of the coldest days on record in Washington, D. In response to concerns about the increasing crack epidemic , Reagan began the war on drugs campaign in , a policy led by the federal government to reduce the illegal drug trade.
Though Nixon had previously declared war on drugs, Reagan advocated more aggressive policies. Arno, the Reagan administration largely ignored the AIDS crisis , which began to unfold in the United States in , the same year Reagan took office.
By the time President Reagan gave his first prepared speech on the epidemic, six years into his presidency, 36, Americans had been diagnosed with AIDS, and 20, had died of it.
From the late s onward, the American public grew increasingly vocal in its opposition to the apartheid policy of the white- minority government of South Africa , and in its insistence that the U.
He also noted the fact that the "American-owned industries there employ more than 80, blacks" and that their employment practices were "very different from the normal South African customs".
As an alternative strategy for opposing apartheid, the Reagan Administration developed a policy of constructive engagement with the South African government as a means of encouraging it to move away from apartheid gradually.
It was part of a larger initiative designed to foster peaceful economic development and political change throughout southern Africa.
Reagan vetoed the act, but the veto was overridden by Congress. Afterward, Reagan reiterated that his administration and "all America" opposed apartheid, and said, "the debate Stating that there was "irrefutable proof" that Libya had directed the "terrorist bombing," Reagan authorized the use of force against the country.
In the late evening of April 15, , the United States launched a series of airstrikes on ground targets in Libya.
British prime minister, Margaret Thatcher , allowed the U. Air Force to use Britain's air bases to launch the attack, on the justification that the UK was supporting America's right to self-defense under Article 51 of the United Nations Charter.
Reagan signed the Immigration Reform and Control Act in The act made it illegal to knowingly hire or recruit illegal immigrants , required employers to attest to their employees' immigration status, and granted amnesty to approximately three million illegal immigrants who entered the United States before January 1, , and had lived in the country continuously.
Upon signing the act at a ceremony held beside the newly refurbished Statue of Liberty , Reagan said, "The legalization provisions in this act will go far to improve the lives of a class of individuals who now must hide in the shadows, without access to many of the benefits of a free and open society.
Very soon, many of these men and women will be able to step into the sunlight and, ultimately, if they choose, they may become Americans.
It will remove the incentive for illegal immigration by eliminating the job opportunities which draw illegal aliens here. In , the Iran—Contra affair became a problem for the administration stemming from the use of proceeds from covert arms sales to Iran during the Iran—Iraq War to fund the Contra rebels fighting against the government in Nicaragua , which had been specifically outlawed by an act of Congress.
President Reagan professed that he was unaware of the plot's existence. He opened his own investigation and appointed two Republicans and one Democrat, John Tower , Brent Scowcroft and Edmund Muskie , respectively, to investigate the scandal.
The commission could not find direct evidence that Reagan had prior knowledge of the program, but criticized him heavily for his disengagement from managing his staff, making the diversion of funds possible.
Many Central Americans criticize Reagan for his support of the Contras, calling him an anti-communist zealot, blinded to human rights abuses, while others say he "saved Central America.
In , near the end of the Iran—Iraq War, the U. The incident further worsened already tense Iran—United States relations.
Until the early s, the United States had relied on the qualitative superiority of its weapons to essentially frighten the Soviets, but the gap had been narrowed.
At the same time, oil prices in fell to one third of the previous level; oil was the primary source of Soviet export revenues.
These factors contributed to a stagnant Soviet economy during Gorbachev 's tenure. Meanwhile, Reagan escalated the rhetoric. In his famous speech to religious fundamentalists, he outlined his strategy for victory.
First, he labeled the Soviet system an " Evil Empire " and a failure—its demise would be a godsend for the world.
Second, Reagan explained his strategy was an arms buildup that would leave the Soviets far behind, with no choice but to negotiate arms reduction.
Finally, displaying his characteristic optimism, he praised liberal democracy and promised that such a system eventually would triumph over Soviet communism.
Reagan appreciated the revolutionary change in the direction of the Soviet policy with Mikhail Gorbachev , and shifted to diplomacy, intending to encourage the Soviet leader to pursue substantial arms agreements.
To the astonishment of the world, and the chagrin of Reagan's most conservative supporters, they agreed to abolish all nuclear weapons.
Gorbachev then asked the end of SDI. Reagan said no, claiming that it was defensive only, and that he would share the secrets with the Soviets.
No deal was achieved. Speaking at the Berlin Wall on June 12, , Reagan challenged Gorbachev to go further, saying "General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization, come here to this gate!
Gorbachev, open this gate! Gorbachev, tear down this wall! When Reagan visited Moscow for the fourth summit in , he was viewed as a celebrity by the Soviets.
A journalist asked the president if he still considered the Soviet Union the evil empire. Early in his presidency, Reagan started wearing a custom-made, technologically advanced hearing aid , first in his right ear [] and later in his left ear as well.
On July 13, , Reagan underwent surgery at Bethesda Naval Hospital to remove cancerous polyps from his colon. He relinquished presidential power to the vice president for eight hours in a similar procedure as outlined in the 25th Amendment , which he specifically avoided invoking.
In January , Reagan underwent surgery for an enlarged prostate that caused further worries about his health. No cancerous growths were found, and he was not sedated during the operation.
On January 7, , Reagan underwent surgery at Walter Reed Army Medical Center to repair a Dupuytren's contracture of the ring finger of his left hand.
The surgery lasted for more than three hours and was performed under regional anesthesia. During the presidential campaign, Reagan pledged that he would appoint the first female Supreme Court Justice if given the opportunity.
In his second term, Reagan had three opportunities to fill a Supreme Court vacancy. When Chief Justice Warren E. Burger retired in September , Reagan nominated incumbent Associate Justice William Rehnquist to succeed Burger as Chief Justice the appointment of an incumbent associate justice as chief justice is subject to a separate confirmation process.
Then, following Rehnquist's confirmation, the president named Antonin Scalia to fill the consequent associate justice vacancy.
Powell Jr. Reagan initially chose Conservative jurist Robert Bork to succeed Powell. Bork's nomination was strongly opposed by civil and women's rights groups, and by Senate Democrats.
However, before his name was submitted to the Senate, Ginsburg withdrew himself from consideration. Along with his four Supreme Court appointments, Reagan appointed 83 judges to the United States courts of appeals , and judges to the United States district courts.
Early in his presidency, Reagan appointed Clarence M. Pendleton Jr. Pendleton tried to steer the commission into a conservative direction in line with Reagan's views on social and civil rights policy during his tenure from until his sudden death in Pendleton soon aroused the ire of many civil rights advocates and feminists when he ridiculed the comparable worth proposal as being " Looney Tunes ".
On April 13, , Reagan was assaulted by an anti-nuclear protester during a luncheon speech while accepting an award from the National Association of Broadcasters in Las Vegas.
Flying shards of glass hit Reagan, but he was not injured. Using media credentials, Springer intended to announce government plans for an underground nuclear weapons test in the Nevada desert the following day.
Following his arrest on assault charges, a Secret Service spokesman could not explain how Springer got past the federal agents who guarded Reagan's life at all times.
He pled guilty to a misdemeanor federal charge of interfering with the Secret Service, but other felony charges of assault and resisting officers were dropped.
They regularly attended Bel Air Church [] and occasionally made appearances on behalf of the Republican Party; Reagan delivered a well-received speech at the Republican National Convention.
Five presidents and six first ladies attended the dedication ceremonies, marking the first time that five presidents were gathered in the same location.
In August , at the age of 83, Reagan was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease , [] an incurable neurological disorder which destroys brain cells and ultimately causes death.
I have recently been told that I am one of the millions of Americans who will be afflicted with Alzheimer's Disease At the moment I feel just fine.
I intend to live the remainder of the years God gives me on this earth doing the things I have always done I now begin the journey that will lead me into the sunset of my life.
I know that for America there will always be a bright dawn ahead. Thank you, my friends. May God always bless you.
After his diagnosis, letters of support from well-wishers poured into his California home. How are things in your city?
Stahl came close to reporting that Reagan was senile, but at the end of the meeting, he had regained his alertness.
Lawrence Altman of The New York Times noted that "the line between mere forgetfulness and the beginning of Alzheimer's can be fuzzy", and all four of Reagan's White House doctors said that they saw no evidence of Alzheimer's while he was president.
Hutton, who served from to , said the president "absolutely" did not "show any signs of dementia or Alzheimer's". Reagan did experience occasional memory lapses, though, especially with names.
For example, Reagan repeated a toast to Margaret Thatcher, with identical words and gestures, at his 82nd-birthday party on February 6, Reagan suffered an episode of head trauma in July , five years before his diagnosis.
After being thrown from a horse in Mexico, a subdural hematoma was found and surgically treated later in the year.
As the years went on, the disease slowly destroyed Reagan's mental capacity. Reagan suffered a fall at his Bel Air home on January 13, , resulting in a broken hip.
She told CNN's Larry King in that very few visitors were allowed to see her husband because she felt that "Ronnie would want people to remember him as he was.
Reagan died of pneumonia , complicated by Alzheimer's disease, [] at his home in the Bel Air district of Los Angeles, California , on the afternoon of June 5, We appreciate everyone's prayers.
Bush called Reagan's death "a sad hour in the life of America". Reagan's body was taken to the Kingsley and Gates Funeral Home in Santa Monica, California , where well-wishers paid tribute by laying flowers and American flags in the grass.
Reagan's body lay in repose in the Library lobby until June 9; over , people viewed the coffin. Capitol ; [] in thirty-four hours, , people filed past the coffin.
Bush and President George W. After the funeral, the Reagan entourage was flown back to the Ronald W. He was also the first U. Reagan's burial site is inscribed with the words he delivered at the opening of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library: "I know in my heart that man is good, that what is right will always eventually triumph and that there is purpose and worth to each and every life.
Since Reagan left office in , substantial debate has occurred among scholars, historians, and the general public surrounding his legacy.
Opinions of Reagan's legacy among the country's leading policymakers and journalists differ as well. Edwin Feulner , president of The Heritage Foundation , said that Reagan "helped create a safer, freer world" and said of his economic policies: "He took an America suffering from 'malaise' Despite the continuing debate surrounding his legacy, many conservative and liberal scholars agree that Reagan has been the most influential president since Franklin D.
Roosevelt , leaving his imprint on American politics, diplomacy, culture, and economics through his effective communication and pragmatic compromising.
Heale, who finds that scholars now concur that Reagan rehabilitated conservatism, turned the nation to the right, practiced a considerably pragmatic conservatism that balanced ideology and the constraints of politics, revived faith in the presidency and American exceptionalism , and contributed to victory in the Cold War.
He ranked number nine in international relations. Dubbed the Great Communicator, the affable Reagan became a popular two-term president.
He cut taxes, increased defense spending, negotiated a nuclear arms reduction agreement with the Soviets and is credited with helping to bring a quicker end to the Cold War.
In , Reagan graduated from Dixon High School, where he was an athlete and student body president and performed in school plays.
During summer vacations, he worked as a lifeguard in Dixon. Reagan went on to attend Eureka College in Illinois, where he played football, ran track, captained the swim team, served as student council president and acted in school productions.
After graduating in , he found work as a radio sports announcer in Iowa. Over the next three decades he appeared in more than 50 movies.
In , Reagan married actress Jane Wyman , with whom he had daughter Maureen and an adopted son, Michael The couple divorced in In , he married actress Nancy Davis The pair had two children, Patricia and Ronald During World War II , Reagan was disqualified from combat duty due to poor eyesight and spent his time in the Army making training films.
In his younger years, Ronald Reagan was a member of the Democratic Party and campaigned for Democratic candidates; however, his views grew more conservative over time, and in the early s he officially became a Republican.
In , Reagan stepped into the national political spotlight when he gave a well-received televised speech for Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater , a prominent conservative.
Reagan was reelected to a second term in Reagan won the election by an electoral margin of and captured almost 51 percent of the popular vote.
At age 69, he was the oldest person elected to the U. Ronald Reagan was sworn into office on January 20, The first lady wore designer fashions, hosted numerous state dinners and oversaw a major redecoration of the White House.
Just over two months after his inauguration, on March 30, , Reagan survived an assassination attempt by John Hinckley Jr.
He also advocated for increases in military spending, reductions in certain social programs and measures to deregulate business.
Critics maintained that his policies led to budget deficits and a more significant national debt; some also held that his economic programs favored the rich.
Supreme Court. Also on the foreign affairs front, Reagan sent U. Bush , pour devenir son colistier. Durant la Guerre du Liban ils furent victimes d'une attaque le 23 octobre Toutefois en mars l'un d'entre eux, Barry Goldwater, protesta contre le minage des ports du Nicaragua.
Gorbatchev, ouvrez cette porte! Gorbatchev, abattez ce mur! Bush [ ]. En ce moment je me sens bien. Merci mes amis. Cependant, le docteur Lawrence K.
Nancy Reagan estimait que cette recherche permettrait d'obtenir un traitement contre Alzheimer [ ]. En , George H. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote.
Menu de navigation Espaces de noms Article Discussion. Pour les autres significations, voir Reagan homonymie et Ronald Reagan homonymie.
I am not going to exploit, for political purposes, my opponent's youth and inexperience. Nashville: T. National Archives and Records Admin. The New York Times.
Rowland, and John M. Jean-Daniel Piquet, op cit, p. Houghton Mifflin, p. Nuclear Weapons Policy , Heritage.
Ronald Reagan: A Graphic Biography. Hill and Wang. Accessed October 9, Tentative d'assassinat de Ronald Reagan. Gouverneurs de Californie.
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